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what is substation and its types

what is substation and its types

 A substation is electrical system in used to control electricity from the power station to transmission line. It is placed between power generation and transmission line. In other words, the substation is used to transfer voltage from higher to lower or visa-versa or perform other function. 

what is substation and its types


Function of substation:-


1. Electrical transmission:-

The substation is for transmission of electricity generation to domestic uses. It play an important role for transmitting electricity. 


2. Metering:- 

The substations are used for calculating the current losses in between power generation to substation on transmission line. So, this process is know as metering. 


3. Balancing:- 

For protecting the grid of substation, we use balancing. Let us understand with a example consider there are three substation named as A, B and C. A substation is provide electricity to substation B and C. If the requirement of C substation increase then A substation will be loaded at grade. For protecting the grid of A substation we use balancing on each substation. 


4. Safety:- 

The grounding grids are used to protect substation because electricity are necessary for all the human beings it is the major requirement of electricity in daily life. Substation also safety device like transformer, and some small substation. 

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Types of substation:-

On the basis of substation we can classified the substation in three types are:-

1. Generating substation:- 

The generating substation is also known as power substation or power station. In this type of subsation, the power or electricity produce. There are various types of power substations in which generate of electricity occur are-


Thermal power plant:- A power plant which used steam to produce electricity are called thermal power plant. A power plant is also known as power station or power house. It is also define as - "The power plant which convert chemical energy of Fossil fuel into electrical energy is called thermal power plant. 


Nuclear power plant:- The nuclear power plant also called nuclear power substation. in this type of power plant we use nuclear energy to produce electricity. 


Hydro power plant:- The power plant which is used hydro or flow of water to produce electricity is known as hydro power plant. In this power plant we required a dam for storing hydro potential energy which convert in kinetic energy to move the blades of turbine. Hence produce electricity. 


Tidal power plant:- It is a type of hydropower plant. This power plant we use tidal to rotatable turbine and generate electricity. 


Wind power plant:- This power plant use wind to rotating wind turbine and produce electricity. This is based on renewable source of energy. 


2. Transmission substation:- 

The connecting of two or more than two generating transmission line from two different places or more then, this type of substation is known as transmission substation. This substation is the intermediate between power station and distribution substation. Basically, the work of this substation is to provide electricity to distribution substation. 


3. Distribution substation:-

The substation in which the load is directly connected is known as distribution subsation. The substation in which electricity is directly provide to consumer, company, industry, etc. This station is basically used to protect distribution transformer.